Private Pilot License (PPL) Aerodynamics Practice Exam

In which direction does the wake turbulence vortex circulate around each wingtip?

1. Upward and inward

2. Outward, upward, and around each tip

3. Downward and outward

4. Backward and sideways

The correct answer is: Outward, upward, and around each tip

The wake turbulence generated by an aircraft is a result of the pressure differential between the upper and lower surfaces of the wings, which leads to the formation of vortices at the wingtips. As the aircraft generates lift, the high-pressure air beneath the wing flows around the wingtip to the low-pressure area above the wing, creating rotational airflow, or vortices, which circulate around each wingtip. The correct answer describes how these vortices circulate: they move outward from the wingtips, rise upward, and then wrap around each tip. This means that as the vortices begin to form, they spiral out and upward, creating a pattern that can extend several miles behind the aircraft. Understanding this behavior is crucial for pilots, especially when taking off or landing near other aircraft, as wake turbulence can pose significant hazards. In contrast, the other choices describe different or incomplete motions that do not accurately represent the behavior of wake vortices. For instance, suggesting that they circulate only upward and inward or downward and outward does not capture the outward flow along with the upward component of the vortex movement. Recognizing the correct nature of wake turbulence is essential for maintaining safe distances from other aircraft in flight operations.