Private Pilot License (PPL) Aerodynamics Practice Exam

How should a pilot maneuver their aircraft when departing behind a heavy aircraft to avoid wake turbulence?

1. Below the heavy aircraft's nose

2. Above and downwind from the heavy aircraft

3. Above and upwind from the heavy aircraft

4. Directly behind the heavy aircraft

The correct answer is: Above and upwind from the heavy aircraft

When departing behind a heavy aircraft, it is crucial for a pilot to position their aircraft above and upwind from the heavy aircraft to effectively avoid wake turbulence. This is because wake turbulence generated by large aircraft is most potent and lasts for a significant amount of time, especially when the heavier plane is taking off or landing. By flying above the heavy aircraft's flight path, a pilot can stay out of the turbulent air that descends and spreads out behind it. Choosing an upwind direction also provides additional safety, as it allows the pilot to maintain control while avoiding the potential downwash and wake created by the larger aircraft’s wings. The turbulence typically drifts downwind, following the prevailing winds, so being positioned upwind helps ensure that the aircraft is not caught in the wake's path. This strategic maneuvering allows for safer takeoffs and landings in proximity to larger airplanes, significantly reducing the risk of encountering sudden and destabilizing turbulence.